You can start by prepping the fennel. To prep, cut off the stalks but keep the feathery foliage for garnish. Quarter the bulb part and save one of the quarters for more garnish. Slice the remaining three-quarters in ½ inch-thick wedges.
Peel and cut the onion in half. Thinly slice the onion halves. Peel and mince the garlic.
Peel and dice the potatoes into ½ inch dice.
You can grate the Parmesan cheese now or wait until you need it.
Heat 3 tablespoons of the oil in a large, heavy-bottomed pot over medium-high heat.
Season the chicken with salt and pepper and cook the thighs in batches until brown, about 3 minutes per side. Be sure not to crowd the pan, or the chicken will steam rather than brown. Transfer the thighs to a plate or platter and cover with aluminum foil.
Once the chicken is cooked, brown the sausage in the same pan. When done, transfer them to a plate.
Now it's time to add the fennel and onion to the pot. Season with salt and cook until the onions are translucent and slightly caramelized.
Push the fennel and onion mixture to the side, add some oil, and sauté the garlic. DO NOT LET IT BURN!! Incorporate it into the fennel and garlic.
Raise the heat to high, add the wine, and deglaze the pan while scraping the bottom with a wooden spoon to loosen up any pieces of chicken or vegetables that may be stuck to the bottom. Continue cooking until most of the wine is evaporated. Add the chicken stock, potato, and rosemary and bring to a boil.
Reduce the heat to medium-low, cover the pot, and simmer until the potato is tender when stuck with a fork.
Remove and puree about 1½ cups of the vegetables and broth in your food processor or blender and return it to the pot. If the sauce is too thick, thin it with some additional chicken stock. Add the chicken pieces back to the sauce and any accumulated chicken juices, cover with the lid slightly ajar, and lower the heat to a low simmer.
Cut the sausages into 1-inch pieces and transfer them to the pot after the chicken has cooked for 15 minutes.
Again cover partially and simmer gently until the chicken and sausage are cooked through about 15 minutes. Be sure to occasionally stir the mixture during this process, but by all means, don't overwork the ingredients by stirring too much. Now for the garnish. Shave the remaining fennel quarter with a sharp vegetable peeler and transfer the pieces to a small bowl—season with salt and pepper.
Finely chop one to two tablespoons of the feathery foliage and add to the shaved fennel. Add the remaining teaspoon of oil, toss, and adjust the seasonings with salt and pepper.
Remove and discard the rosemary and stir in the balsamic vinegar and Parmigiano cheese when the chicken and sausage are cooked.
Spoon a portion of the chicken, sausage, and sauce into each bowl to serve. Sprinkle a little more graded Parmigiano on top, then mound a small portion of the fennel garnish and reserved feathery foliage over it.